Iowa DNR
Iowa DNR
ADBNet
Water Quality Assessments
Impaired Waters List

Big Spirit Lake IA 06-LSR-1655

Dickinson County S33T100NR36W at Spirit Lake

This is a DRAFT assessment
Draft assessments may change without notice
Cycle
2026
Current Phase
Public Comment
Overall IR
5 - Water is impaired or threatened and a TMDL is needed.
Trophic
Eutrophic
Trend
Stable
Created
10/27/2025 3:10:31 PM
Updated
1/2/2026 10:52:40 AM
Use Support
Class A1
Recreation - Primary contact
Not Supported
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
Slight
Status
New
Source
Unknown: Source Unknown
Source Confidence
Low
Cycle Added
2026
Impairment Rationale
Significantly > 10% of samples fail to meet criterion
Data Source
Beach monitoring: Iowa DNR WQMA
TMDL Priority
Tier II
Class BLW
Aquatic Life - Lakes and wetlands
WINOFI
Impairment Code
3b - Use potentially impaired based on an evaluated assessment.
Cause Magnitude
High
Status
Continuing
Source
Natural: Ordinary Stratification and Bottom-Water Hypoxia/Anoxia
Source Confidence
Low
Cycle Added
2010
Impairment Rationale
Non Pollutant-caused fish kill
Data Source
Fish kill investigation: Iowa DNR
Class C
Drinking Water -
Fully Supported
Class HH
Human Health -
WINOFI
Impairment Code
3b - Use potentially impaired based on an evaluated assessment.
Cause Magnitude
Slight
Status
Continuing
Source
Atmospheric Deposition
Source Confidence
Low
Cycle Added
2024
Impairment Rationale
Potential Impairment
Data Source
Fish contaminant monitoring: Iowa DNR
Impairment Delistings
No delistings for this assessment cycle.
Documentation
Assessment Summary

The Class A1 use was assessed (monitored) as “not supported” due to violations of the state water quality criteria for indicator bacteria. The Class BLW use was assessed (evaluated) as “WINOFI” based on the results of fish kill investigations. In addition, the Class BLW use was assessed (evaluated) as “WINOFI” due to cyanobacteria blooms. The Class C use was assessed (monitored) as “fully supported” based on water quality monitoring data and drinking water compliance monitoring required by the DNR. The Class HH (fish consumption) use was assessed (evaluated) as “WINOFI” based on fish tissue sampling data.

Assessment Explanation

Data Sources:

Data Source

Data Source ID

Data Type

Data Age

Site ID

Site Name

Site Description

Iowa DNR

6

WQ

CY 2022-2024

14000380

Marble Beach (Marble Beach State Park)

Iowa DNR

6

WQ

CY 2022-2024

21300005

Crandalls Beach

Iowa DNR

6

WQ

CY 2022-2024

21300007

Orleans City Beach

Iowa DNR

6

WQ

CY 2020-2024

22300014

Big Spirit Lake

Deep Point

Iowa DNR

6

FT

See Below

1153

Big Spirit Lake

Class A1 - Indicator Bacteria:

Site ID

Data Source ID

# Samples per Year (2022/ 2023/2024)

2022 Geometric Mean

2023 Geometric Mean

2024 Geometric Mean

Violates Annual Geometric Mean?

# 2022 SSM violations / SSM Violations needed for impairment

# 2023 SSM violations / SSM Violations needed for impairment

# 2024 SSM violations / SSM Violations needed for impairment

Violates Annual SSM Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

14000380

6

15/14/12

34

61

28

NO

2 / 4

3 / 4

2 / 4

NO

MONITORED

FULL

21300005

6

15/14/12

16

96

53

NO

1 / 4

5 / 4

2 / 4

YES

MONITORED

NOT

21300007

6

15/14/12

29

68

21

NO

1 / 4

5 / 4

1 / 4

YES

MONITORED

NOT

Class A1 - pH

Site ID

Data Source ID

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Mean Value

# Violations

Violations needed for impairment

Violates Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

22300014

6

12 / 4

7.99

8.98

8.5

0

4

NO

MONITORED

FULL

Class A1 - Lake TSI's

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Median Value

Median TSI Violation?

Assessment Type

Support Level

22300014

6

Chlorophyll a TSI

15 / 5

29

75

58

NO

MONITORED

FULL

22300014

6

Secchi TSI

15 / 5

41

73

53

NO

MONITORED

FULL

22300014

6

Total Phosphorus TSI

15 / 5

37

82

58

NA

NA

NA

22300014

6

Fixed suspended solids

15 / 5

0.7

3.2

2

NA

NA

NA

Class BLW - Binomial Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Mean Value

# Violations

# Acute / Chronic Violations

Violations needed for impairment

Violates Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

22300014

6

Dissolved Oxygen

12 / 5

5.4

11.5

8.6

0

NA / NA

4

NO

MONITORED

FULL

22300014

6

pH

12 / 4

7.99

8.98

8.5

0

NA / NA

4

NO

MONITORED

FULL

22300014

6

Temperature

13 / 5

18.1

26.9

23

0

NA / NA

4

NO

MONITORED

FULL

Class BLW - Lake Planktonic Cyanobacteria:

Site ID

Data Source ID

# Samples

Maximum Cyanobacteria Wet Mass

Maximum Cyanobacteria % Composition

Median Cyanobacteria Wet Mass

Median Cyanobacteria % Composition

Median Cyanobacteria Concentration = 75th Percentile

Assessment Type

Support Level

22300014

6

3

13.89844

37.86%

0.026078

16.56%

NO

EVALUATED

NA

Class BLW - Toxic Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Maximum Value

Mean Value

Median Value

# Acute / Chronic Violations

>1 Acute / Chronic Violation

Assessment Type

Support Level

22300014

6

Ammonia

12 / 4

0.046

0.02

0.02

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

Class BLW - Fish Kill Assessment:

The Class BLW aquatic life use assessment based on the June 2020 fish kill placed this segment in Category 3b. This assessment was “evaluated” because: (1) the cause of the fish kill was not identified or (2) the fish kill was attributed to a non-pollutant cause (e.g., winterkill). Segments assessed using “evaluated” assessments are placed in Category 3b and are added to the state list of Waters In Need Of Further Investigation (WINOFI). If no additional fish kills are reported in this segment for a 5-year period (2023), the Category will be changed from 3b to 3a (not assessed).

Details about the 2020 fish kill can be found here:https://programs.iowadnr.gov/fishkill/Events/996

Class C - Binomial Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Mean Value

Median Value

# Violations

Violates Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

22300014

6

Inorganic nitrogen (nitrate and nitrite)

14 / 5

0.03

0.32

0.1

0.06

0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

22300014

6

pH

12 / 4

7.99

8.98

8.5

8.6

0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

Class C - Iowa Drinking Water Compliance Report:

Compliance monitoring required by the Iowa DNR Water Supply Operations and Engineering Sections did not show violations of finished water that were caused by source water at the Spirit Lake Waterworks facility during the 2022-24 monitoring period. The violations reported were related to plant operations (Failure to maintain Res Disinfect Concentration).The results of compliance monitoring as reported in annual compliance reports are available at the following location at the Iowa DNR’s home page: https://www.iowadnr.gov/Environmental-Protection/Water-Quality/Water-Supply-Engineering/Annual-Compliance-Report.

Class HH - Fish Tissue Sampling:

Site ID

Biopart

Year

Species

# in sample / # of samples

Avg Length (cm)

(Avg) Hg (ppm)

Chlordane (ppm)

Sum PCBs (ppm)

1153

tissue plug

2021

muskie

1

0.370

1153

tissue plug

2020

muskie

3

95.1

0.192

1153

tissue plug

2019

northern pike

20

65.6

0.113

1153

tissue plug

2020

walleye

13

49.1

0.25

1153

tissue plug

2019

walleye

7

48.9

0.171

1153

tissue plug

2020

yellow perch

10

23.6

0.041

Support Level

WINOFI


Monitoring and Methods
Assessment Key Dates
6/22/2020
Monitoring Start
9/9/2024
Monitoring End
7/1/2019
Fish Tissue Monitoring
6/16/2020
Fish Kill
7/1/2020
Fish Tissue Monitoring
4/6/2021
Fish Tissue Monitoring
Methods
200
Physical/Chemical Monitoring
260
Fish tissue analysis
275
Drinking water compliance reports
340
Primary producer surveys (phytoplankton/periphyton/macrophyton)
420
Indicator bacteria monitoring