Assessment Comments
Assessment is based on (1) results of a fish kill investigation in August 2006, (2) results of IDNR/UHL biological monitoring in 2001: FIBI = 17, 19, 16 (all poor); BMIBI = 65, 71, 70 (all good), and (3) results of 2002 Fisheries data: FIBI = 24 (poor). FIBI BIC = 36, BMIBI BIC = 51.
Basis for Assessment
[Note: Prior to the 2008 Section 305(b) cycle, this stream segment was designated only for Class B(LR) aquatic life uses. Due to changes in Iowa’s surface water classification that were approved by U.S. EPA in February 2008 (see http://www.iowadnr.com/water/standards/files/06mar_swc.pdf), this segment is now presumptively designated for Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses. The stream remains designated for aquatic life uses (now termed Class B(WW2) aquatic life uses). Thus, for the current (2010) assessment, the available water quality monitoring data will be compared to the applicable Class A1 and Class B(WW2) water quality criteria.]
SUMMARY: The presumptive Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses are "not assessed" due to the lack of information upon which to base an assessment. The Class B(WW-2) aquatic life uses are assessed (monitored) as "partially supported" based on results of a fish kill investigation in 2006, IDNR/UHL biological (biocriteria) sampling in 2001 and IDNR Fisheries sampling in 2002. The impairment based on the fish kill is due to a pollutant caused fish kill where restitution was sought and received by IDNR and therefore is appropriate for Category 4d of the Integrated Report. NOTE: This assessment was placed in Category 5b of the 2008 Integrated Report due to a lack of information on whether or not restitution was sought for this fish kill. Due to updated information regarding legal action this assessment is appropriate for Category 4d of Iowa's 2010 Integrated Report. For previous assessments, the impairment of the Class B(WW-2) uses is due to impacts of habitat alterations caused by stream channelization. This type of impairment is appropriate for Category 4c of the Integrated Report (i.e., impairment caused by non-pollutant stressor).
EXPLANATION: The Class B(WW-2) aquatic life uses are assessed (monitored) as "partially supported" based on results of a fish kill investigation in 2006. The kill occurred on or before August 11, 2006 and was attributed to runoff from an open feedlot where 1300 hogs were housed. The runoff occurred following heavy rains when manure from the open hog lot had overflowed a retention structure and run into a tributary of the North Skunk River. Several hundred dead fish accumulated at the low head dam on the North Skunk River near Lynnville. Both dead carp and gamefish were found. The party responsible for the kill was identified, and restitution was sought. NOTE: This assessment was placed in Category 5b of the 2008 Integrated Report due to a lack of information on whether or not restitution was sought for this fish kill. Due to updated information regarding legal action this assessment is appropriate for Category 4d of Iowa's 2010 Integrated Report.
According to DNR's assessment methodology for Section 305(b) reporting, occurrence of a single pollution-caused fish kill during an assessment period indicates "partial support" of the aquatic life uses. If, however, a consent order has been issued to the party responsible for the kill and monetary restitution has been sought for the fish killed, the affected waterbody should be placed in IR Category 4d (impaired but TMDL not required). Thus, this assessment segment will be moved from Category 5b of Iowa's 2008 Integrated Report to Category 4d of Iowa’s 2010 Integrated Report based on updated information regarding restitution for this fish kill. IDNR considers IR 4d fish kill waters with no subsequent kills in at least the five years subsequent to the kill as appropriate for movement to IR categories 2b or 3b (i.e., Iowa’s list of waters in need of further investigation). Because, however, this fish kill occurred within the most recent five years, this assessment segment will be placed Category 4d of Iowa’s 2010 Integrated Report.
The assessment of the Class B(WW-2) aquatic life uses was also based on data collected in 2001 as part of the IDNR/UHL stream biocriteria project and on 2002 Manchester Fisheries stream sampling data also suggests "impairment" of the aquatic life uses. A series of biological metrics which reflect stream water quality and habitat integrity were calculated from the biocriteria sampling data. The biological metrics are based on the numbers and types of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa and fish species that were collected in the stream sampling reach. The biological metrics were combined to make a fish community index of biotic integrity (FIBI) and a benthic macroinvertebrate index (BMIBI). The indexes rank the biological integrity of a stream sampling reach on a rising scale from 0 (minimum) to 100 (maximum). The 2001 FIBI scores were 17 (poor), 19 (poor) and 16 (poor); the BMIBI scores were 65 (good), 72 (good) and 71 (good). The 2002 Fisheries FIBI score was 24 (poor). The aquatic life use support was assessed (evaluated) as partially supporting (=PS), based on a comparison of the FIBI and BMIBI scores with biological impairment criteria (BIC) established for previous Section 305(b) reports. The biological impairment criteria were determined from a statistical analysis of data collected at stream ecoregion reference sites from 1994-2004. The FIBI BIC for this ecoregion is 36 and the BMIBI BIC for this ecoregion is 51. This segment passed the FIBI BIC 0/4 times and passed the BMIBI BIC 3/3 times in the last eight years. This impairment was attributed to a non-pollutant stressor (other habitat alterations) and thus was placed in Category 4c of Iowa's 2006 Integrated Report. The newer 2006 fish kill-related impairment that was the basis of the Category 5b impairment for the 2008 IR, and that is the basis for the 2010 4d impairment, supercedes the 4c impairment based on results of biological monitoring in 2002.
This aquatic life assessment is now considered "evaluated" based on a change in the 2010 IDNR assessment methodology. IDNR now requires a segment have two or more biological samples collected from the segment in multiple years between 2004 and 2008 to be considered “monitored”. This segment had multiple samples collected in the previous eight years (2001-2008); however, the multiple samples were not collected during 2004-2008. Additionally, because these data are now considered too old (greater than five years) to accurately characterize current water quality conditions, the assessment category is considered “evaluated” (indicating an assessment with relatively lower confidence) as opposed to "monitored" (indicating an assessment with relatively higher confidence). According to IDNR’s assessment/listing methodology, impairments based on “evaluated” assessments are of lesser confidence and are thus not appropriate for Section 303(d) listing (Category 5 of the Integrated Report). IDNR does, however, consider these impairments as appropriate for listing under either Category 2b or 3b of the Integrated Report (waters potentially impaired and in need of further investigation). However, despite this change in assessment methodology and type, this waterbody remains in IR Category 4d based on the 2006 fishkill.
