Iowa DNR
Iowa DNR
ADBNet
Water Quality Assessments
Impaired Waters List

Elm Lake IA 02-IOW-657

Wright County S21T92NR24W 1 mi. S of Cornelia.

Assessment Cycle
2022
Release Status
Final
Data Collection Period
Overall IR Category
5 - Water is impaired or threatened and a TMDL is needed.
Trend
Stable
Created
12/20/2021 2:57:09 PM
Updated
2/2/2022 1:49:12 PM
Assessment conducted in accordance with Iowa's 2022 IR methodology
Use Support
Class BLW
Aquatic Life
Lakes and wetlands
Not Supported
Impairments
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
High
Status
Continuing
Source
Agriculture
Source Confidence
Moderate
Cycle Added
2012
Impairment Rationale
Adverse impacts on plant/animal communities
Data Source
Ambient monitoring: Iowa DNR-shallow lakes & wetlands
TMDL Priority
Tier IV
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
High
Status
Continuing
Source
Agriculture
Source Confidence
Moderate
Cycle Added
2012
Impairment Rationale
Adverse impacts on plant/animal communities
Data Source
Ambient monitoring: Iowa DNR-shallow lakes & wetlands
TMDL Priority
Tier IV
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
Moderate
Status
Continuing
Source
Unknown: Source Unknown
Source Confidence
N/A
Cycle Added
2020
Impairment Rationale
Significantly > 10% of samples fail to meet criterion
Data Source
Ambient monitoring: Iowa DNR-shallow lakes & wetlands
TMDL Priority
Tier IV
Class HH
Human Health
Not Assessed
Impairment Delistings
No delistings for this assessment cycle.
Documentation
Assessment Summary

The Class BLW use was assessed as "not supported" due to high levels of total suspended solids that lead to an impairment of the narrative criteria protecting against undesirable or nuisance aquatic life and due to violations of the Class BLW criterion for pH. High levels of algae at this wetland also suggested impairment due to aesthetically objectionable conditions. All other designated uses were “not assessed.”

Assessment Explanation

Data Sources:

Data Source

Data Source ID

Data Type

Data Age

Site ID

Site Name

Site Description

Iowa DNR

6

WQ

CY 2016-2020

22990006

Elm Lake

Class BLW - TSI's:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Median Value

Median TSI Violation?

Assessment Type

Support Level

22990006

6

Chlorophyll a TSI

25 / 5

32

87

72

YES

Monitored

NOT

22990006

6

Fixed suspended solids

15 / 3

0.1

69.2

16

NA

NA

NA

The TSI value for Secchi depth is not used to evaluate the attainment of the aquatic life use in shallow lakes. Due to the depth of these shallow lakes, TSI values for Secchi depth can be misleading. In some instances, the Secchi disk remains visible at the bottom of the lake and the depth of the lake is recorded as the Secchi depth. In these instances, water clarity may be sufficient to support the Class BLW use, but the index value is limited by the depth of the lake. Thus the combination of total suspended solids and chlorophyll a will be used to determine whether or not the Class BLW use is impaired in these shallow systems.

Class BLW - Conventional Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Mean Value

# Violations

# Acute / Chronic Violations

Violations needed for impairment

Violates Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

22990006

6

Ammonia

20 / 4

0.02

0.68

0.26

NA

0 / 1

5

NO

Monitored

FULL

22990006

6

Dissolved Oxygen

24 / 5

5.18

13.24

8.37

0

NA / NA

5

NO

Monitored

FULL

22990006

6

pH

25 / 5

7.6

11.8

8.6

4

NA / NA

5

NO

Monitored

FULL

22990006

6

Temperature

25 / 5

11.94

28.62

21.54

0

NA / NA

5

NO

Monitored

FULL

Class BLW - Protection of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Median Value

Median Value = SAV

Assessment Type

Support Level

22990006

6

Total suspended solids

25 / 5

0.6

122.5

43

Yes

Monitored

NOT

Guidelines for wetland assessment from the Upper Mississippi River Conservation Committee’s Water Quality Technical Section (2003) state that a median total suspended solids concentration during the growing season of less than 30 mg/L is necessary to provide sufficient water clarity to support the growth of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) in wetlands and shallow lakes. High levels of total suspended solids impede the growth of SAV. SAV is critical to the health of wetland and shallow lake ecosystems. The elimination of SAV can degrade habitat quality such that undesirable aquatic species such as cyanobacteria, common carp, and fathead minnows dominate. As such, the suppression of SAV constitutes a violation of Iowa’s narrative water quality criteria protecting against undesirable or nuisance aquatic life.

Class HH: No Data

Note: Additional monitoring of fish and aquatic vegetation populations at Elm Lake by DNR staff also suggested that the high levels of total suspended solids and algae have adverse effects on fish populations and limit the production of rooted aquatic vegetation in this wetland. These results further indicated that the aquatic life use of this wetland should be assessed as "not supported."

Monitoring and Methods
Assessment Key Dates
5/16/2016
Fixed Monitoring Start Date
9/10/2020
Fixed Monitoring End Date
Methods
120
Surveys of fish and game biologists/other professionals
222
Non-fixed-station monitoring (conventional during key seasons and flows)
340
Primary producer surveys (phytoplankton/periphyton/macrophyton)