Iowa DNR
Iowa DNR
ADBNet
Water Quality Assessments
Impaired Waters List

West Swan Lake IA 04-UDM-1754

Emmet County S31T99NR32W 3 mi. SE of Gruver.

Cycle
2022
Release Status
Final
Overall IR
5 - Water is impaired or threatened and a TMDL is needed.
Trend
Stable
Created
1/5/2022 7:15:40 AM
Updated
2/17/2022 2:53:43 PM
Use Support
Class BLW
Aquatic Life - Lakes and wetlands
Not Supported
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
Moderate
Status
Continuing
Source
Agriculture
Source Confidence
Moderate
Cycle Added
2012
Impairment Rationale
Adverse impacts on plant/animal communities
Data Source
Ambient monitoring: Iowa DNR-shallow lakes & wetlands
TMDL Priority
Tier IV
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
Moderate
Status
Continuing
Source
Agriculture
Source Confidence
Moderate
Cycle Added
2012
Impairment Rationale
Adverse impacts on plant/animal communities
Data Source
Ambient monitoring: Iowa DNR-shallow lakes & wetlands
TMDL Priority
Tier IV
Class HH
Human Health -
Not Assessed
Impairment Delistings
No delistings for this assessment cycle.
Documentation
Assessment Summary

The Class BLW use was assessed as "not supported" due to high levels of total suspended solids that leads to an impairment of the narrative criteria protecting against undesirable or nuisance aquatic life. High levels of algae at this wetland also suggest impairment due to aesthetically objectionable conditions. All other designated uses were “not assessed.”

Assessment Explanation

Data Sources:

Data Source

Data Source ID

Data Type

Data Age

Site ID

Site Name

Site Description

Iowa DNR

6

WQ

CY 2017-2020

29320002

West Swan Lake (center)-Emmet-2

Class BLW - TSI's

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Median Value

Median TSI Violation?

Assessment Type

Support Level

29320002

6

Chlorophyll a TSI

19 / 4

47

83

66

YES

Monitored

Not

29320002

6

Total Phosphorus TSI

19 / 4

65

86

74

NA

NA

NA

29320002

6

Inorganic suspended solids

10 / 2

6

31

12

NA

NA

NA

The TSI value for Secchi depth is not used to evaluate the attainment of aquatic life use in shallow lakes. Due to the depth of these shallow lakes, TSI values for Secchi depth can be misleading. In some instances, the Secchi disk remains visible at the bottom of the lake and the depth of the lake is recorded as the Secchi depth. In these instances, water clarity may be sufficient to support the Class BLW uses, but the index value is limited by the depth of the lake. Thus the combination of total suspended solids and chlorophyll a will be used to determine whether or not the Class BLW uses are impaired in these shallow systems.

Class BLW - Conventional Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Mean Value

# Violations

# Acute / Chronic Violations

Violations needed for impairment

Violates Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

29320002

6

Ammonia

14 / 3

0.01

0.47

0.07

NA

0 / 0

4

NO

Monitored

Full

29320002

6

Dissolved Oxygen

20 / 4

4.05

13.86

9.32

2

NA / NA

5

NO

Monitored

Full

29320002

6

pH

20 / 4

7.28

10.48

8.56

2

NA / NA

5

NO

Monitored

Full

29320002

6

Temperature

20 / 4

12.8

29.5

22.2

0

NA / NA

5

NO

Monitored

Full

Class BLW - Protection of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Median Value

Median Value = SAV

Assessment Type

Support Level

29320002

6

Total suspended solids

19 / 4

12

62

35

Yes

Monitored

Not

Guidelines for wetland assessment from the Upper Mississippi River Conservation Committee’s Water Quality Technical Section (2003) state that an average total suspended solids concentration during the growing season of less than 30 mg/L is necessary to provide sufficient water clarity to support the growth of submersed aquatic vegetation in wetlands and shallow lakes. High levels of total suspended solids impede the growth of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV). Submersed aquatic vegetation is critical to the health of wetland and shallow lake ecosystems. The elimination of SAV can degrade habitat quality such that undesirable aquatic species such as cyanobacteria, common carp and fathead minnows dominate. As such, the suppression of SAV constitutes a violation of Iowa’s narrative water quality criteria protecting against undesirable or nuisance aquatic life.

Class HH - No Data

Additional information:

Additional monitoring of fish and aquatic vegetation populations at West Swan Lake by DNR staff also suggests that the high levels of total suspended solids and algae have adverse effects on fish populations and limit the production of rooted aquatic vegetation in this wetland. These results further indicate that the aquatic life uses of this wetland should be assessed as "not supported."

    Monitoring and Methods
    Assessment Key Dates
    9/22/2020
    Fixed Monitoring Start Date
    9/16/2013
    Fixed Monitoring End Date
    Methods
    120
    Surveys of fish and game biologists/other professionals
    222
    Non-fixed-station monitoring (conventional during key seasons and flows)
    340
    Primary producer surveys (phytoplankton/periphyton/macrophyton)