Little Sioux Park Lake IA 06-LSR-1568

Results of IDNR beach monitoring from 2012 through 2014 suggest that the Class A1 uses are "Fully Supported." Levels of indicator bacteria at Little Sioux Park Beach were monitored once per week during the primary contact recreation seasons (May through September) of 2012 (13 samples), 2013 (13 samples) and 2014 (1 samples), as part of the IDNR beach monitoring program.   According to IDNR’s assessment methodology two conditions need to be met for results of beach monitoring to indicate “full support” of the Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses: (1) the geometric mean of the samples from each recreation season of the three-year assessment period are less than the state's geometric mean criterion of 126 E.  coli orgs/100 ml and (2) not more than 10% of the samples during any one recreation season exceeds the state's single-sample maximum value of 235 E.  coli orgs/100 ml. If a sampling season geometric mean exceeds the state criterion of 1000 orgs/100 ml during the three-year assessment period, the Class A1 uses should be assessed as “not supported.” Also, if a sampling season geometric mean exceeds the state criterion of 126 orgs/100 ml during the three-year assessment period and/or if significantly more than 10% of the samples in any one of the three recreation seasons exceed Iowa's single-sample maximum value of 235 E.  coli orgs/100 ml, the Class A1 uses should be assessed as “partially supported.” This assessment approach is based on U.S.   EPA guidelines (see pgs 3-33 to 3-35 of U.S.   EPA 1997b).

At Little Sioux Park Beach, the geometric means from 2012, 2013 and 2014 were all below the Iowa water quality standard of 126 E.  coli orgs/100 ml.   The geometric mean was 7 E.  coli orgs/100 ml in 2012, 5 E.  coli orgs/100 ml in 2013 and 5 E.  coli orgs/100 ml in 2014.   The percentage of samples exceeding Iowa's single-sample maximum criterion (235 E.  coli orgs/100 ml) was 0% in 2012, 0% in 2013 and 0% in 2014.   None of these are significantly greater than 10% of the samples and therefore do not suggest impairment of the Class A1 uses.   According to IDNR's assessment methodology and U.S.  EPA guidelines, these results suggest "Fully Supported" of the Class A1 uses.

For the 2016 assessment/listing cycle, the Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses of Little Sioux Park Lake are assessed (monitored) as "fully supported" based on information from the ISU lake survey. Using the median values from these surveys from 2010-2014 (approximately 15 samples), Carlson 's (1977) trophic state indices for Secchi depth, chlorophyll a, and total phosphorus were 41, 40, and 42 respectively for Little Sioux Park Lake. According to Carlson (1977) the Secchi depth, chlorophyll a, and total phosphorus values all place Little Sioux Park Lake in the Mesotrophic category. These values suggest extremely low levels of chlorophyll a and suspended algae in the water, exceptional water transparency, and extremely low levels of phosphorus in the water column. The data show one violation of the Class A1 criterion for pH in 15 samples. Little Sioux Park Lake was assessed as "not supported" for the 2008 assessment/listing cycle. Based on IDNR’s assessment methodology 2 consecutive assessment/listing cycles without significantly greater than 10% of the samples violating the single-sample maximum criterion are necessary to propose delisting based on pH violations.  There were less than 10% of the samples exceeding the single-sample maximum criterion for both the 2014 and 2016 assessment/listing cycles.   Therefore, the impairment (5a) for pH is suggested for delisting for the 2016 assessment/listing cycle.

The level of inorganic suspended solids was extremely low at Little Sioux Park Lake, and does not suggest water quality problems due to non-algal turbidity. The median level of inorganic suspended solids in Little Sioux Park Lake (1.6 mg/L) was ranked 2nd among the 138 lakes by the ISU lake survey.

Data from the 2010-2014 ISU lake survey suggest a small population of cyanobacteria exists at Little Sioux Park Lake. These data show that cyanobacteria comprised 85% of the phytoplankton wet mass at this lake. The median cyanobacteria wet mass (4.6 mg/L) was ranked 10th of the 138 lakes sampled.

The Class B(LW) (aquatic life) uses are assessed (monitored) as "fully supported." Results of the ISU lake survey from 2010-2014 show there were no violations of the criterion for ammonia in 15 samples(0%), no violations of the criterion for dissolved oxygen in 15 samples(0%), and one violation of the criterion for pH in 15 samples(7%). Based on IDNR's assessment methodology these violations are not significantly greater than 10% of the samples and therefore suggest (fully supported/monitored) of the Class B(LW) uses of Little Sioux Park Lake. Little Sioux Park Lake was assessed as "not supported" for the 2008 assessment/listing cycle. Based on IDNR’s assessment methodology 2 consecutive assessment/listing cycles without significantly greater than 10% of the samples violating the single-sample maximum criterion are necessary to propose delisting based on pH violations.  There were less than 10% of the samples exceeding the single-sample maximum criterion for both the 2014 and 2016 assessment/listing cycles.   Therefore, the impairment (5a) for pH is suggested for delisting for the 2016 assessment/listing cycle.

Fish consumption uses remain "not assessed" due to the lack of fish contaminant monitoring at this lake.