Iowa DNR
Iowa DNR
ADBNet
Water Quality Assessments
Impaired Waters List

Big Sioux River IA 06-BSR-1526

from confluence with Ninemile Cr. (S25 T100N R49W Lyon Co.) to the Iowa / Minnesota state line at N line of S4 T100N R49W Lyon Co.

Cycle
2018
Release Status
Final
Overall IR
4 - Water is impaired or threatened and a TMDL has been completed or is not needed.
Trend
Stable
Created
7/10/2019 12:26:54 PM
Updated
7/30/2019 12:20:36 PM
Use Support
Class A1
Recreation - Primary contact
Partially Supported
Support Level
Partially Supported
Impairment Code
4a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL has been completed.
Cause Magnitude
Slight
Status
Continuing
Source
Unknown: Source Unknown
Source Confidence
Low
Cycle Added
2012
Impairment Rationale
Geometric mean criterion exceeded
Data Source
Ambient monitoring: adjacent state
Class BWW1
Aquatic Life - Warm Water Type 1
Fully Supported
Class HH
Human Health -
Not Assessed
General Use
General Use water -
Not Assessed
Impairment Delistings
No delistings for this assessment cycle.
Documentation
Assessment Summary

The Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses are assessed as “partially supported” due to violations of Iowa’s water quality criteria for indicator bacteria. The Class B(WW1) aquatic life uses are assessed as "fully supported" based on results of ambient chemical/physical water quality monitoring from 2014 through 2016. Fish consumption uses remain not assessed due to a lack of information upon which to base an assessment. The source of data for this assessment is results of monthly ambient water quality monitoring conducted on the Big Sioux River near Brandon, SD, by the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) from 2014 through 2016.

Assessment Explanation

The Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses are assessed (monitored) as "partially supported" based on levels of indicator bacteria that exceeded state water quality criteria. The geometric means of indicator bacteria (E. coli) in the 15 samples collected during the recreational seasons of 2014 through 2016 at the Big Sioux River near Brandon (STORET ID 460831) were as follows: the 2014 geometric mean was 238 orgs/100 ml, the 2015 geometric mean was 312 orgs/100 ml, and the 2016 geometric mean was 215 orgs/100 ml. All three recreation season geometric means exceeded the Class A1 geometric mean criterion of 126 orgs/100 ml. Seven of the combined 15 samples (47%) exceeded Iowa’s Class A1 single-sample maximum criterion of 235 orgs/100 ml. According to U.S. EPA guidelines for Section 305(b) reporting and DNR’s assessment/listing methodology, if the geometric mean is greater than 126 orgs/100 ml., the primary contact recreation uses should be assessed as "impaired" (see pgs 3-33 to 3-35 of U.S. EPA 1997b). Thus, because at least one recreation season geometric mean exceeded criteria for Class A1 uses, these uses are assessed as "partially supported."

[Note: A TMDL for pathogen indicators in this segment of the Big Sioux River was prepared by DNR and the South Dakota Dept.of Environment & Natural Resources; this TMDL was approved by EPA in January 2008. Because all Section 303(d) impairments identified for the current assessment/listing cycle were addressed by the TMDL, this waterbody remains in IR Category 4a (impaired; TMDL approved).]

Results of chemical/physical water quality monitoring at the Big Sioux River near Brandon (STORET ID 460831) suggest “full support” of the aquatic life uses. Monitoring showed no violations of Class B(WW1) water quality criteria for 36 Ammonia samples (maximum = 1.4 mg/L), 36 Dissolved Oxygen samples (minimum = 7.5 mg/L), 37 pH samples (range = 7.6 to 9), or 36 Temperature samples (maximum = 29 °C) occurred during monitoring from January 2014 to December 2016. According to U.S. EPA guidelines for Section 305(b) water quality assessments (U.S. EPA 1997b, page 3-17), the EPA guidelines allow up to 10% violations of these conventional parameters before impairment of water quality is indicated. Thus, these results thus suggest “full support” of the Class B(WW1) aquatic life uses.

Monitoring and Methods
Assessment Key Dates
1/13/2014
Fixed Monitoring Start Date
12/13/2016
Fixed Monitoring End Date
1/23/2008
TMDL Completed
Methods
230
Fixed station physical/chemical (conventional plus toxic pollutants)
420
Indicator bacteria monitoring