Iowa DNR
Iowa DNR
ADBNet
Water Quality Assessments
Impaired Waters List

East Nishnabotna River IA 05-NSH-1415

from confluence with Fisher Cr. (S27 T69N R40W Fremont Co.) to Page/Montgomery county line

This is a DRAFT assessment
Draft assessments may change without notice
Cycle
2026
Current Phase
Public Comment
Overall IR
5 - Water is impaired or threatened and a TMDL is needed.
Trend
Stable
Created
10/27/2025 3:09:48 PM
Updated
1/14/2026 5:42:56 PM
Use Support
Class A1
Recreation - Primary contact
Not Supported
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
Moderate
Status
Continuing
Source
Unknown: Source Unknown
Source Confidence
N/A
Cycle Added
2008
Impairment Rationale
Geometric mean criterion exceeded
Data Source
Ambient monitoring: Iowa DNR-rivers
TMDL Priority
Tier III
Class BWW1
Aquatic Life - Warm Water Type 1
Not Supported
Impairment Code
3b-u - Use potentially biologically impaired based on uncalibrated IBI metrics.
Cause Magnitude
Slight
Status
Continuing
Source
Unknown: Source Unknown
Source Confidence
Low
Cycle Added
2004
Impairment Rationale
Potential Impairment
Data Source
Biological monitoring: Iowa DNR WQMA
Support Level
Not Supported
Impairment Code
4d - Pollutant-caused fish kill. No TMDL needed and administrative action taken against responsible party.
Cause Magnitude
High
Status
New
Source
Spills/Dumping: Accidental release/spill
Source Confidence
Confirmed
Cycle Added
2026
Impairment Rationale
Pollutant-caused fish kill
Data Source
Fish kill investigation: Iowa DNR
Class HH
Human Health -
Fully Supported
Impairment Delistings
No delistings for this assessment cycle.
Documentation
Assessment Summary

The Class A1 use remains assessed as "not supported" based on historic levels of indicator bacteria (E. coli) that violated state water quality criteria. The Class BWW1 use was assessed as "not supported" based on a fish kill investigation and as "WINOFI" based on biological sampling data. The Class HH use was assessed as "fully supported" based on water quality monitoring data.

Assessment Explanation

Data Sources:

Data Source

Data Source ID

Data Type

Data Age

Site ID

Site Name

Site Description

Iowa DNR

6

WQ

CY 2014-2016, CY 2022-2024

10360001

East Nishnabotna River near Shenandoah

Iowa DNR

6

BIO

See Below

221

East Nishnabotna River

Shenandoah

Iowa DNR

6

BIO

See Below

1528

East Nishnabotna River

Rapp Park and Recreation Area


Class A1 - Indicator Bacteria: 2014-2016

Site ID

Data Source ID

# Samples / # Years

2014 Geo. Mean

2015 Geo. Mean

2016 Geo. Mean

Annual Geometric Mean Violation

# Violations

% Violations

Significantly >10% Violations

Assessment Type

Support Level

10360001

6

24 / 3

991

772

561

Yes

17

71%

Yes

Evaluated

Not


Class A1 – pH:

Site ID

Data Source ID

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Mean Value

# Violations

Violations needed for impairment

Violates Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

10360001

6

36 / 3

7.5

8.9

8.2

0

7

NO

MONITORED

FULL


Class BWW1 - Binomial Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

Mean Value

# Violations

# Acute / Chronic Violations

Violations needed for impairment

Violates Significantly >10% Rule?

Assessment Type

Support Level

10360001

6

Chloride

36 / 3

15

27

19

NA

0 / 0

7

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Dissolved Oxygen

36 / 3

7.5

14.2

11

0

NA / NA

7

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

pH

36 / 3

7.5

8.9

8.2

0

NA / NA

7

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Sulfate

36 / 3

14

38

28

0

NA / NA

7

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Temperature

36 / 3

0

30.7

14.3

0

NA / NA

7

NO

MONITORED

FULL


Class BWW1 - Toxic Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Maximum Value

Mean Value

Median Value

# Acute / Chronic Violations

>1 Acute / Chronic Violation

Assessment Type

Support Level

10360001

6

Ammonia

36 / 3

0.25

0.04

0.02

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Cadmium

17 / 2

0.5

0.5

0.5

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Chromium

17 / 2

8

1.71

0.5

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Copper

18 / 2

4.9

2.1

2

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Lead

17 / 2

1

1

1

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Nickel

17 / 2

2.9

1.8

1.8

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Selenium

36 / 3

4

1.6

2

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Silver

17 / 2

1

1

1

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL

10360001

6

Zinc

17 / 2

1.2

0.6

0.5

0 / 0

NO

MONITORED

FULL


Class BWW1 - Biological Sampling:

Benthic Macroinvertebrates:

Site ID

Date

Drainage Area (mi2)

Ecoregion

Major Drainage

BM Sample Gear

BMIBI score

BMIBI Class

47e BMIBI BIT

BMIBI Pass/Fail

1528

9/24/24

1010

47e

MO

Floating Art Sub

31

Fair

54

Fail

221

8/6/24

1022

47e

MO

Floating Art Sub

48

Fair

54

Fail

221

8/12/20

1022

47e

MO

Floating Art Sub

24

Poor

54

Fail


Fish:

Site ID

Date

Drainage Area (mi2)

Ecoregion

Major Drainage

Riffle Stream?

FIBI score

FIBI Class

47m FIBI BIT

FIBI Pass/Fail

1528

9/24/24

1010

47e

MO

NA

44

Fair

31

Pass


Overall:

Community

Assessment Type

Assessment Result

Support Level

IR Category

Reason

Benthic Macroinvertebrates

Evaluated

Fail (0/3)

WINOFI

Fish

Evaluated

Pass (1/1)

Full

Assessment was evaluated because the drainage areas

Overall

Evaluated

Fail

WINOFI

3bu

of the sample sites were larger than the calibrated range.


Class BWW1 – Fish kill Assessment:

Following DNR IR fish kill methodology, the Class BWW1 aquatic life use assessment based on the March 2024 fish kill should have resulted in a Category 3b potential impairment because a single fish kill occurred in this segment during the IR data assessment period (2020-2024). However, given the magnitude of the fish kill (~50 miles affected and ~750,000 fish killed), DNR IR staff felt it was appropriate to place this segment in Category 4d. The fish kill was caused by a “pollutant” or was suspected to be caused by a “pollutant”; therefore, the Class BWW1 use was considered impaired. Since restitution for the fish killed was received and/or the responsible party paid a fine, the Class BWW1 use was placed in Category 4d (impaired but TMDL not required) and not in Category 5b (impaired and TMDL required). DNR feels that (1) TMDLs should not be required for a fish kill caused by a one-time illegal or unauthorized release of a pollutant where enforcement action was taken and (2) enforcement action is more appropriate and effective for addressing a spill-related impairment than the TMDL process.

In September of 2024, DNR Water Quality and Fisheries Bureaus conducted follow-up biological sampling on this segment. The fish, benthic macroinvertebrate, and freshwater mussel communities were sampled along with the collection of a grab water quality sample and a physical habitat assessment was conducted. Results from that sampling indicated that the biological communities had recovered to pre-fish kill levels and were comparable to similarly sized sites in the ecoregion.

Fish and benthic macroinvertebrate biological sampling data from this segment can be found here: https://programs.iowadnr.gov/bionet/sites/1528 and here: https://programs.iowadnr.gov/bionet/sites/221

Details about the 2024 fish kill can be found here: https://programs.iowadnr.gov/fishkill/events/1045

Details about the DNR Contaminated Sites Section’s oversight can be found here: https://programs.iowadnr.gov/contaminatedsites/Site/Detail/2818

Details about the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service’s oversight can be found here: https://www.fws.gov/project/nishnabotna-fertilizer-spill


Class HH-F - Toxic Parameters:

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples / # Years

Maximum Value

Mean Value

Median Value

Number of Non - Detects

Mean Value > Criterion or MCL

Assessment Type

Support Level

10360001

6

Copper

18 / 2

4.9

2.1

2

2

NO

MONITORED

FULL

Site ID

Data Source ID

Parameter Name

# Samples per Year (2022/ 2023/2024)

2022 Mean

2023 Mean

2024 Mean

# Non-Detects per Year (2022/ 2023/2024)

Support Level per Year (2022/ 2023/2024)

Assessment Type

Support Level

10360001

6

Selenium

12/12/12

1.958

1.442

1.542

1/0/2

FS/FS/FS

MONITORED

FULL




Monitoring and Methods
Assessment Key Dates
8/12/2020
Biological Monitoring
8/6/2024
Biological Monitoring
1/7/2014
Monitoring Start
12/6/2016
Monitoring End
1/10/2022
Monitoring Start
12/3/2024
Monitoring End
9/24/2024
Biological Monitoring
3/11/2024
Fish Kill
Methods
120
Surveys of fish and game biologists/other professionals
140
Incidence of spills and/or fish kills
150
Monitoring data more than 5 years old
200
Physical/Chemical Monitoring
315
Regional reference site approach
320
Benthic macroinvertebrate surveys
330
Fish surveys
420
Indicator bacteria monitoring