Iowa DNR
Iowa DNR
ADBNet
Water Quality Assessments
Impaired Waters List

Mormon Trail Lake IA 05-NOD-1404

Adair County S17T76NR31W 1.5 mi SE of Bridgewater.

Cycle
2018
Release Status
Final
Overall IR
5 - Water is impaired or threatened and a TMDL is needed.
Trophic
Eutrophic
Trend
Stable
Created
10/16/2018 9:33:41 AM
Updated
6/6/2019 3:08:30 PM
Use Support
Class A1
Recreation - Primary contact
Fully Supported
Class BLW
Aquatic Life - Lakes and wetlands
Fully Supported
Class HH
Human Health -
Partially Supported
Support Level
Partially Supported
Impairment Code
5a - Pollutant-caused impairment. TMDL needed.
Cause Magnitude
High
Status
Continuing
Source
Unknown: Source Unknown
Source Confidence
High
Cycle Added
2008
Impairment Rationale
Fish consumption advisory in effect: no more than 1 meal/week
Data Source
Fish contaminant monitoring: Iowa DNR
TMDL Priority
Tier IV
General Use
General Use water -
Not Assessed
Impairment Delistings
No delistings for this assessment cycle.
Documentation
Assessment Summary

The Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses are assessed (monitored) as “fully supported” (IR 2a). The Class B(LW) (aquatic life) uses are assessed (monitored) as “fully supported" (IR 2a). Fish consumption uses, however, remain assessed (monitored) as “partially supported” due to the issuance of a fish consumption advisory at this lake. Sources of data for this assessment include (1) results of IDNR/UHL beach monitoring from 2014 through 2016, (2) results of the statewide survey of Iowa lakes conducted from 2012 through 2016 by Iowa State University (ISU), (3) information from the IDNR Fisheries Bureau, and (4) results of the EPA/DNR fish contaminant monitoring program (RAFT) in 2008, 2009, and 2015.

Assessment Explanation

Results of DNR beach monitoring from 2014 through 2016 suggest that the Class A1 uses are "Fully Supported." Levels of indicator bacteria at Mormon Trail Park Beach were monitored once per week during the primary contact recreation seasons (May through September) of 2014 (13 samples), 2015 (14 samples) and 2016 (15 samples), as part of the DNR beach monitoring program. According to DNR’s assessment methodology two conditions need to be met for results of beach monitoring to indicate “full support” of the Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses: (1) the geometric mean of the samples from each recreation season of the three-year assessment period are less than the state's geometric mean criterion of 126 E. coli orgs/100 ml and (2) not more than 10% of the samples during any one recreation season exceeds the state's single-sample maximum value of 235 E. coli orgs/100 ml. If a sampling season geometric mean exceeds the state criterion of 1000 orgs/100 ml during the three-year assessment period, the Class A1 uses should be assessed as “not supported.” Also, if a sampling season geometric mean exceeds the state criterion of 126 orgs/100 ml during the three-year assessment period and/or if significantly more than 10% of the samples in any one of the three recreation seasons exceed Iowa's single-sample maximum value of 235 E. coli orgs/100 ml, the Class A1 uses should be assessed as “partially supported.” This assessment approach is based on U.S. EPA guidelines (see pgs 3-33 to 3-35 of U.S. EPA 1997b).

At Mormon Trail Park Beach, the geometric means from 2014, 2015 and 2016 were all below the Iowa water quality standard of 126 E. coli orgs/100 ml. The geometric mean was 24 E. coli orgs/100 ml in 2014, 24 E. coli orgs/100 ml in 2015 and 42 E. coli orgs/100 ml in 2016. The percentage of samples exceeding Iowa's single-sample maximum criterion (235 E. coli orgs/100 ml) was 8% in 2014, 7% in 2015 and 13% in 2016. None of these are significantly greater than 10% of the samples and therefore do not suggest impairment of the Class A1 uses. According to DNR's assessment methodology and U.S. EPA guidelines, these results suggest "Fully Supported" of the Class A1 uses.

For the 2018 assessment/listing cycle, the Class A1 (primary contact recreation) uses of Mormon Trail Lake are assessed (monitored) as "fully supported" based on information from the ISU lake survey. Using the median values from these surveys from 2012-2016 (approximately 15 samples), Carlson 's (1977) trophic state indices for Secchi depth, chlorophyll a, and total phosphorus were 59, 60, and 57 respectively for Mormon Trail Lake. According to Carlson (1977) the Secchi depth, chlorophyll a, and total phosphorus values all place Mormon Trail Lake in the Eutrophic category. These values suggest moderately high levels of chlorophyll a and suspended algae in the water, relatively good water transparency, and relatively low levels of phosphorus in the water column. The data show one violation of the Class A1 criterion for pH in 14 samples (7%).

The level of inorganic suspended solids was low at Mormon Trail Lake, and does not suggest water quality problems due to non-algal turbidity. The median level of inorganic suspended solids in Mormon Trail Lake (1.6 mg/L) was ranked 9th among the 138 lakes by the ISU lake survey.

Data from the 2012-2016 ISU lake survey suggest a moderate population of cyanobacteria exists at Mormon Trail Lake. These data show that cyanobacteria comprised 87% of the phytoplankton wet mass at this lake. The median cyanobacteria wet mass (10.7 mg/L) was ranked 51st of the 138 lakes sampled.

The Class B(LW) (aquatic life) uses are assessed (monitored) as "fully supported." Results of the ISU lake survey from 2012-2016 show there were no violations of the criterion for ammonia in 14 samples(0%), no violations of the criterion for dissolved oxygen in 15 samples(0%), and one violation of the criterion for pH in 14 samples(7%). Based on DNR's assessment methodology these violations are not significantly greater than 10% of the samples and therefore suggest (fully supported/monitored) of the Class B(LW) uses of Mormon Trail Lake.

Fish consumption uses remain assessed (monitored) as “partially supported” based on results of U.S.EPA/DNR fish contaminant (RAFT) monitoring at Mormon Trail Lake in 2008, 2009, and 2015. The existence of, or potential for, a fish consumption advisory is the basis for Section 305(b) assessments of the degree to which Iowa’s lakes and rivers support their fish consumption uses. Sampling was conducted at Mormon Trail Lake in 2008; samples of largemouth bass and walleye were collected. The level of mercury in the sample of largemouth bass was 0.22 ppm, which was below the one meal per week consumption advisory. The level of mercury in the sample of walleye, however, was 0.361 ppm, which was above the one meal per week advisory level. Follow-up sampling was again conducted in 2009. The level of mercury in a sample of walleye (0.245 ppm) was below the advisory level, however, the level of mercury in a sample of largemouth bass (0.341 ppm) again exceeded the advisory trigger level.Sampling was again conducted in 2015. The level of mercury in a sample oflargemouth bass (0.274 ppm)was below the advisory level, however,according to Iowa DNR’s assessment listing methodology, if two consecutive samplings show that contaminant levels are below the consumption advisory threshold, the impairment of the Human Health designated use can be removed.Therefore, the fish consumption advisory remained at Mormon Trail Lake, and the fish consumption uses for this lake have remained assessed as "partially supported."


In addition, turtle tissue sampling was conducted at Mormon Trail Lake in 2009. Levels of primary contaminants in the shoulder tissue sample of snapping turtle were as follows: mercury: 0.138 ppm; total PCBs: 0.09 ppm; and technical chlordane: <0.03 ppm. These results indicate low levels of primary contaminants in turtle tissue.

Monitoring and Methods
Assessment Key Dates
6/11/2012
Fixed Monitoring Start Date
9/12/2016
Fixed Monitoring End Date
8/11/2009
Fish Tissue Monitoring
9/25/2008
Fish Tissue Monitoring
8/17/2006
Fish Tissue Monitoring
Methods
120
Surveys of fish and game biologists/other professionals
222
Non-fixed-station monitoring (conventional during key seasons and flows)
260
Fish tissue analysis
340
Primary producer surveys (phytoplankton/periphyton/macrophyton)
420
Indicator bacteria monitoring